Chloroform

Chloroform

CAS Number:67‑66‑3

Synonyms:Chloroform; Trichloromethane; Freon‑20; Methylidyne trichloride

Chemical Formula: CHCl₃

Product Introduction

Chloroform is a dense, colorless, volatile liquid with a sweet, ethereal odor. Historically used as an anesthetic, it’s now mostly employed as a solvent, an intermediate in refrigerant (HCFC‑22) and PTFE production, for lipid extraction, and as an NMR standard (deuterated CDCl₃).

Physical & Chemical Properties

Property Value
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Sweet, ethereal
Density @ 25 °C ~1.489–1.492 g/cm³
Melting Point –63 to –64 °C
Boiling Point 61–62 °C
Flash Point (closed cup) ~–22 °C
Vapor Pressure @ 20–25 °C ~160 mm Hg (≈21 kPa)
Solubility in Water @20 °C ≈7–8 g/L (0.8 g/100 mL)
Refractive Index (n₂₀ᴅ) ~1.445
Molecular Weight 119.38 g/mol
Vapor Density ~4.1 × air

Applications

  • Industrial solvent:Extraction of lipids, alkaloids, waxes, and resins; use in pesticide and pharmaceutical formulations.
  • Chemical intermediate:Used to produce HCFC‑22 for fluoropolymer and refrigerant industries.
  • NMR solvent:Deuterated chloroform (CDCl₃) is standard in NMR spectroscopy.
  • Historical anesthetic:Formerly used as a general anesthetic—phased out due to toxicity concerns.
  • Safety note:Classified as IARC Group 2B (possibly carcinogenic); toxic to liver and kidneys
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