Triethyl Orthoformate

Triethyl Orthoformate

CAS Number:1122‑51‑0

Synonyms:Triethoxymethane; Ethyl orthoformate; Orthoformic acid triethyl ester

General Formula:HC(OC₂H₅)₃

Product Introduction

A clear, colorless, volatile organic liquid with a pungent, ester-like odor. A moisture-sensitive orthoester of formic acid, TEOF is widely used as a reagent in organic synthesis—especially in formylation and acetalization—and as a solvent/fine chemical intermediate.

Properties

Property Value
Appearance Clear, colorless liquid
Odor Pungent, camphor/herbaceous
Density ~0.891 g/mL @ 20 °C
Melting Point –76 °C
Boiling Point ~145–146 °C
Flash Point ~35 °C closed cup (86 °F)
Vapor Density ~5.1× air
Vapor Pressure ~2.9 mmHg @ 20 °C
Solubility Slight in water (~1.35 g/L); miscible in alcohols/ethers
Stability Sensitive to hydrolysis; store under inert dry conditions

Applications

  • Organic synthesis: Key reagent for Bodroux–Chichibabin formylation (aldehyde homologation) and aromatic formylation
  • Acetal protection: Used to convert aldehydes to diethyl acetals for protective group strategies
  • Solvent/intermediate: Serves in pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and fragrance syntheses
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