Trifluoroacetic acid

Trifluoroacetic acid

CAS Number: 76‑05‑1

Synonyms:Trifluoroacetic acid; TFA; 2,2,2‑trifluoroacetic acid; Trifluoracetic acid

Chemical Formula:CF₃COOH

Molecular Weight:114.02 g/mol

Product Introduction

A colorless, volatile, hygroscopic and corrosive liquid with a pungent odor. Strong organic acid (~10⁵× stronger than acetic acid) and widely used as a reagent, catalyst, and solvent in peptide synthesis (HPLC additive), deprotection reactions, and organofluorine chemistry

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Physical & Chemical Properties

Property Value
Appearance Colorless to faint yellow liquid
Odor Pungent, acrid
Density @ 20 °C ~1.48–1.49 g/mL
Melting Point –15.2 °C
Boiling Point ~72–73 °C
Vapor Pressure ~97 mm Hg @20 °C
Refractive Index ~1.391–1.49 (varies with purity)
Solubility Fully miscible with water & organics (alcohols, ethers, benzene…)
Flash Point >100 °C (pour point); highly corrosive, not flammable ignition-wise

Applications

  • Peptide/protein analysis: mobile-phase additive in HPLC/LC-MS
  • Peptide synthesis: deprotection reagent
  • Organic synthesis: strong acid catalyst for rearrangements, condensations, oxidations, and fluorination
  • Coordination chemistry: solvent for metal complex transformations

Safety & Handling

  • Corrosive and toxic (H314, H332, H412). Use full PPE (acid-resistant gloves, goggles). Store sealed under inert gas, cool and dark. Avoid skin contact and inhalation. Requires acid-resistant containment; cleaning with caution.

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