Piperidine

Piperidine

CAS Number:110‑89‑4

Synonyms:Piperidine; Hexahydropyridine; Pentamethyleneimine

Chemical Formula:C₅H₁₁N

Molecular Weight:85.15 g/mol

Product Introduction

A clear to slightly yellow, volatile liquid with a distinctive peppery-floral odor. A strong secondary amine and base widely used in organic synthesis (enamine formation, bases, catalysts), pharmaceuticals, rubber vulcanization, and as a solvent in polar aprotic applications.

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Physical & Chemical Properties

Property Value
Appearance Clear to pale yellow liquid
Odor Peppery, sweet floral, amine-like
Density @ 20 °C ~0.862 g/cm³
Melting Point –11 °C
Boiling Point ~106 °C @1 atm
Flash Point ~16 °C
Vapor Pressure @ 20 °C ~23–34 mmHg
pH (100 g/L in H₂O) ~12.6
Vapor Density ~2.9–3 × air
Log P ~0.6–0.67
pK_b ~2.88 (i.e., pKₐ of conjugate acid ~11.1)

Applications

  • Organic synthesis: base in enamine formation (e.g., Stork enamine), peptide synthesizers as catalyst
  • Pharmaceuticals: building block for various active molecules
  • Industrial: rubber vulcanization accelerator; solvent/base in fine chemicals

Safety & Handling:

  • Flammable (flash ~16 °C); corrosive; toxic. Vapors cause irritation/CNS effects; strong base. GHS: H225/H311/H314. Use PPE, ventilation, store sealed. Avoid oxidizers and moisture.

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